Did the first Churches of Jesus Christ have a bible?

They had the Torah and the personal experience of those who had known Jesus. Eventually reports of some of those experiences were written down and collected, together with the letters of Paul and other early Christians. However, it was obvious that some of the writings were of low quality, even bogus and the Council of Nicea sorted it all out, probably including some material that should not have been, I would nominate Revelations, and probably excluding material that should have been included. There are limits to human wisdom.